{"product_id":"9780230242463","title":"Firebrand Waves of Digital Activism 1994-2014: The Rise and Spread of Hacktivism and Cyberconflict","description":"This book introduces four waves of upsurge in digital activism and cyberconflict. The rise of digital activism started in 1994, was transformed by the events of 9\/11, culminated in 2011 with the Arab Spring uprisings, and entered a transformative phase of control and mainstreaming since 2013 with the Snowden affair.","brand":"Palgrave Macmillan UK","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":46240586924273,"sku":"9780230242463","price":27.49,"currency_code":"USD","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0674\/5433\/7265\/files\/9780230242463_p0.jpg?v=1765319040","url":"https:\/\/shop.barnesandnoble.com\/products\/9780230242463","provider":"Barnes \u0026 Noble","version":"1.0","type":"link"}